Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Essay on Italy in World War II - 1093 Words
Italy in World War II World War II, which only lasted about five years, changed the course of history forever, and affected millions of lives. Among the major nations that were involved in the war, Benito Mussolini and his Italian army sought to settle their differences with many nations. Benito’s fascist views, his idea of a nation built by one race, and his relationship with Adolf Hitler ultimately led to his involvement in the war. His responsibility, in essence, was to ally himself with the superpowers of the world, and lead his people into a war that they could not fight. Il Duce, (the leader), was the name that Benito Mussolini gave himself as his rise to power in Italy continued. He led the people of Italy with the mind†¦show more content†¦He won over the people of Italy using the same techniques and imagery that Hitler used in his homeland. The fascist ideas, and idea of an ultimate Italian empire, appealed to Mussolini, and he would stop at nothing to gain power. Along with the Fascist Party, came the idea of a perfect race of man, and persecution. Hitler’s idea of a non-Jewish race appealed to Mussolini. Before the war began, Benito Mussolini and his army started their persecution of the Jews in Italy. This did not last long, however, because Mussolini’s popularity began to fall. As his popularity among his people began to decline, so did his relations with many European nations. Much of Italy’s foreign relations depended solely on treaties and pacts. (5) As Germany and Italy moved together towards a uniform society, the strength and honor of the treaties were in jeopardy. As the war broke out in Europe in 1940, Mussolini did his best to stay away from the fighting. He preached to his people that his army was ready to fight in the war, and was prepared to defend himself, and conquer land for his country. (6) Benito Mussolini’s main objective in the war was to gain land, and claim the land for Italy. His idea was to create the ultimate empire, and rule over millions of people. As World War II approached, Mussolini announced his intention of annexing Malta, Corsica, and Tunis. (7) His intentions increased as he captured Albania in April of 1939. His rise to theShow MoreRelatedItaly During The World War II1455 Words  | 6 PagesWhile Italy was first in triple alliance 1882 made up with Austria-Hungary and Germany, Italy had signed the secret Treaty of London. In this treaty Britain had offered Italy large sections of territory in the Adriatic Sea region – Tyrol, Dalmatia and Istria. Britain and France wanted Italy to join in on their sid e so that a new front could open up the south of the Western Front. As a result, Italy switched sides and started to fight against Central Powers. As the time transferred to WWII, Italy wasRead MoreThe Crisis Of Italy During World War II2049 Words  | 9 PagesItaly over the years has established itself as one of the most developed and powerful countries in all of Europe. Although this all may be true, it has not seen a great deal of recovery after the debt crisis that affected all of Europe and is falling behind in terms of globalization. After World War II, Italy had an economic miracle fueled by the Marshall Plan that allowed its economy to flourish. This huge growth was later stagnated and then in 2008, Italy was hit with a recession that it has hadRead MoreWorld War II And Its Impact On The World1593 Words  | 7 Pagesto mind when you hear about World War II? Is it how it greatly affected different societies or how scary it is to think that a terrorist like Hitler gained so much power over so many countries? Well, the real question that we should be really thinking and learning about is what is World War II about? In general, World War II was a war that involved many countries that started after the First World War. It started in 1939 and ended during 1945. It was a very important war to all people, involving manyRead MoreWorld War Ii Research Report Essay1668 Words  | 7 PagesWorld War II Research Report Erica Slaughter â€Å"Italy†University of Phoenix Western ideals and World War II Hundreds of philosophers and historians possess the concern of how the modern world has come into being. Many issues, from The Great War to World War II have effects society today. This paper will trace the rise of totalitarianism in Italy as well as other European countries between 1918 and 1939, and the contrast to political developments in Great Britain, France, and the UnitedRead MoreThe World Of World War II1058 Words  | 5 PagesWorld War II The world has experienced many wars. However, two of them have particularly influenced the world history, World War I and World War II. However, the most pronounced among the two is World War II. World War II was a global war, which took place between 1939 and 1945. This war grew out of issues left unresolved by earlier conflicts of World War I. It involved virtually every part of the world. The primary combatants were the Axis powers- Germany, Italy and Japan and the Allies- FranceRead MoreThe Roles Played by Different Countries during World War II1483 Words  | 6 PagesThe participants of World War 2 were those nations who either fought the battle or were affected by the war. Below is a pictorial indication of the roles different countries played in the World War II. The World War II was fought between two major military alliances namely the axis powers and the allies. The Axis power was a group of countries led by Nazi Germany, kingdom of Italy and empire of Japan. The allies led by united kingdom were joinedRead MoreThe World War I And The Rise Of Germany801 Words  | 4 PagesWorld War II plays a very important part in the history of the world. It still has effects that we deal with today. So, what events could have possibly started such a monumental world war? Well, the events are: World War I, Great Depression, expansion of imperialism, Versailles Treaty, and the rise of Germany. This was a dangerous chain reaction of events that lead to the devastating effects of the war. What really set the tone for the start World War II was actually the effects World War I itselfRead MoreCause And Causes Of Benito Mussolini958 Words  | 4 Pagesto 1955. World War II proved to be a deadly conflict, costing the lives of an estimated 72 million, 4 hundred 68 thousand, and 9 hundred deaths, according to www.secondworldwarhistory.com accessed December 10, 2016. The deadly conflict began on September 1, 1939, with Nazi Germany’s invasion of Poland, and would not end until the surrender of Japan on September 2, 1945 aboard the U.S.S. Missouri. The toilsome war, began from the formation and actions of the Axis powers, composed of Italy, GermanyRead MoreCould the Second World War have been Avoided?1442 Words  | 6 PagesAlthough measures were set in place to avoid a second world war, many things caused it to be inevitable. The Treaty of Versailles, the rise of Hitler, the rise of Japan as a world power, the rise of fascism in Italy and the League of Nations w ere all factors which contributed to the cause of World War II. The Treaty of Versailles was a peace settlement between Germany and the Allied Powers that officially ended World War I. However, the conditions in the treaty were so harsh on Germany that manyRead MoreEssay on Aftermath of Wwi Leads to Wwii1131 Words  | 5 PagesAftermath of WWI Leads to WWII Prior to the First World War, Europe was the world center of industry and capital. Massive death, destruction, and resentment after World War I left most countries unable to recover to a normal existence and damaged the world economy. The economic collapse and the political instability caused by World War I eventually led to the rise of fascism in Europe. Forceful dictators in Italy, Germany, and Japan took advantage of these problems to seize power by territorial
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Examining the advantages of ratio analysis - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3360 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The term ratios is use to explain relationship connecting figures on a balance sheet, in profit and loss account, budgetary control system or any other part of accounting organization. Accounting ratios as a result shows the relationship between financial data. The analysis is very important role in measuring the performance of the business. These ratios are carried out from the Income statement and balance sheet. Several parties including management, investors and Government are involved in these ratios. The function of analysis is to measure the performance of the company and financial health of the organization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Examining the advantages of ratio analysis" essay for you Create order Advantages Ratio is an important role and old technique of the financial analysis. There are the following advantages Simplify the financial statements: It is simplifies the concept of financial statements. Ratio let know the complete story of changing in the financial situation of the business Facilitate inter-firm comparison: It is providing data for inter the firm estimate. Ratios highlight the factors of related with successful and unsuccessful firm. They have also told strong firms and weak firms, overrated and undervalue firms. Helps in planning: It is help in planning and forecasting. Ratio can be support management in it basic function of forecasting for planning, organizing, controlling and communication. Makes inter-firm comparison possible: Analyses can also the possible relationship to the performance varied division of the firm. Ratio is helpful in decide about their efficiency or else in the past and liable performance in the future. Limitations of Ratios Analysis The ratio analysis is the tools of financial management. Ratios are easily to calculate and easy to understand, they bear from serious limitations. Ratio is based only the information which have been recorded in the statements. Financial statements are subject to several limitations. These ratio derived, there from, are also subject to persons limitations. Comparative study required: Ratios are useful in judging the efficiency of the business only when they are compared with past results of the business. However, such a comparison only provide glimpse of the past performance and forecasts for future may not prove correct since several other factors like market conditions, management policies, etc. may affect the future operations. Ratios alone are not adequate. Ratios are only indicators; they cannot be taken as final regarding good or bad financial position of the business. Other things have also to be seen. Problems of price level changes: A change in price level can affect the validity of ratios are calculated for different time periods. In such a case the ratio analysis may not clearly indicate the trend in solvency and profitability of the company. The financial statements, therefore, be adjusted keeping in view the price level changes if a meaningful comparison is to be made through accounting ratios. Lack of adequate standard: No fixed standard can be laid down for ideal ratios. There are no well accepted standards or rule of thumb for all ratios which can be accepted as norm. It renders interpretation of the ratios difficult. Limited use of single ratios: A single ratio, usually, does not convey much of a sense. To make a better interpretation, a number of ratios have to be calculated which is likely to confuse the analyst than help him in making any good decision. Personal bias: Ratios are only means of financial analysis and not an end in itself. Ratios have to interpret and different people may interpret the same ratio in different way. Incomparable: Not only industries differ in their nature, but also the firms of the similar business widely differ in their size and accounting procedures etc. It makes comparison of ratios difficult and misleading. Current ratio Current Ratio is an indicator of the capability of the firms to pay their current liability by converting current assets. It is also known as liquidity ratio or cash asset ratio and also the cash ratio. It is calculated by dividing current assets with current liabilities. High figures mean that textile mills have the capacity to pay its current liability. Acceptable figures vary, depending upon the type of business. Generally, more than one is acceptable. Smaller value shows that company has not enough current assets to discharge its current liabilities. The current ratio of one means shows that the current assets are equal to current liabilities. Less than one means that company has more current liabilities and less current assets, which is a sign of concern in some cases. We have compiled the current ratio of Nisht textile mills of Pakistan and found the mean of current ratio is more than 1.00 in three years in 2005 to 2007 but in 2008 and 2009 current ratio mean is less then 1 It is alarming that the Nishat Mill has more risky in 2008 and 2009. However, Kohinoor mill also found the mean of ratio is more then 1 in 2005 to 2008 but in 2009 downward trend 0.75 in 2009. Current ratio of Gull Ahmed shows downward trend 1.05 in 2005 and 0.9 in 2008, in 2009 shows some improvement .05 as compare to 2008.Fazal and shams also decrease trend 1.14, 1.49 in 2005 and 0.82, 0.73 in 2009 . Ratio table depicts that there is no improvement in 2009 and if it continues, there is a probability that in coming years situation of the textile mill will not be improve. However, mells can check their position by comparing with the average of the other textile mill. For example, this table shows that 25% mills have current ratio more than 1.00. It reflects that there are certain mills which have more current assets than current liabilities. Current Ratio= Current assets                            Current liabilities Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 1.24 1.38 1.74 0.73 0.86 Kohinoor Mill 1.02 1.02 1.07 1.06 0.75 Gul Ahmed Mill 1.05 1 0.95 0.9 0.95 Fazal Mill 1.14 1.17 1.03 1.1 0.82 Shams Mill 1.49 0.92 1.06 0.84 0.73 Return on assets Return on Assets (ROA) is an indicator which tells about the efficiency of firm in using the assets. It is calculated by dividing the annual earning of the company with total assets, shown as percentage. Return on assets = Net earning X 100                      Total assets Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 8.51% 3.05% 4.25% 14.54% 4.02% Kohinoor Mill 1% 2.62% -0.27% -0.02% -3.72% Gul Ahmed Mill 1.73% -0.77% 3.62% 1.96% 1.37% Fazal Mill 0.02% 0.03% -0.01% 0% 0.01% Shams Mill 6.38% 2.47% 10.06% -2.33% -5.09% This ratio is also an indicator of money earned by a textile mills against each dollar invested. There is an understood variation in the number, since it is highly related to capital investment. Textile mills are capital intensive sectors and these figures should be compared with another capital intensive sector. Ratio table shows that mean of the return on asset is Nishat textile mill -8.5 in 2005 and -4.02%, in 2009 which is quite alarming. And the other Kohinoor textile mills is the retorn on asset 1.00 in 2005 and -3.72 decrease in 2009. Gross profit margin Profit maximization is one of the core functions of commercial firms. Gross profit is a difference of net sale and COGS. It shows how well the operation is generating revenue. Gross profit margin =Gross profit X 100                     Net sale Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 18.77% 17.76% 16.56% 14.35% 18.23% Kohinoor Mill 14.26% 14.8% 14.64% 15.36% 14.89% Gul Ahmed Mill 16.39% 15.64% 14.98% 15.14% 16.81% Fazal Mill 9.88% 8.66% 5.35% 5.72% 7.82% Shams Mill 13.42% 9.56% 5.09% 5.63% 5.08% Ratio table shows that Nishat textile mills of Pakistan could have only 18.77% and 18.23% gross profit margin in 2005 and 2009 respectively. Although Nishat textile mill earned loss, the percentage was too small, and profits earned were minimal. However, majority of the mills did not report any loss in operations. Ratio table shows that Kohinoor textile mills of Pakistan could have only 14.26% and 14.89% gross profit margin in 2005 and 2009 respectively. Although Kohinoor textile mill earned profit, the percentage was too small they will be earned a profit is mini mum in 2009. The gross profit ratio is show in the gul ahmed textile mills of Pakistan is the rat6io of 16.39% in 2005 and they will be a profit is minimum in 16.81% in 2009 and they earned a profit is to short in the financial year 2009 could have minimum gross profit in 2005 to 2009. Then the other to mills of Fazal and Shams is the ratio of gross profit is in 9.88% , 13.42% in 2005and they will be a loss in 2009. In 2009 is the ratio of mills is7.82% , 5.08% is a loss in an operation and they will be very decrees in 2009 Operating profit margin Operating Profit Margin (OPM) is also called operating margin, operating income margin or return on sales (ROS). It is calculated by dividing operating profit with net sale usually presented in percentage. It shows the efficiency of the firm in generating profits from its operations. Difference between gross profit and operating profit provides information about the over head expenses in total cost. Operating profit margin = Operating profit X 100                             Net sale Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 17.58% 12.1% 12.03% 36.08% 12.6% Kohinoor Mill 6.83% 11.63% 8.06% 13.4% 8.55% Gul Ahmed Mill 6.63% 7.27% 7.56% 7.98% 8.69% Fazal Mill 7.28% 6.19% 3.41% 3.94% 5.99% Shams Mill 9.65% 6.47% 1.96% 1.16% 0.2% Operating profit ratio of Nishat millis 17.58% in 2005and decrees 12.03% in 2007 then the Ratio is very higher in 36.08% in 2008 and they will be profit margin but in 2009 the ratio is not stable in 2009 and they will be very low ( decrees) in 12.6% in 2009. It show the table has also be a profit is very low which compeer in 2008/ depicts that 25% firms have -3% loss, however, more than 50% firms have Positive . However the Kohinoor mill is operating profit is 6.83%in 2005 they will be increase in the 11.63% in 2006.then 2007 is the profit is decrees in 8.06% is very low which comer5 to 2006. And 13.4% in increase the profit ratio in which combination of 2007.kohinoor mill in 2009 is to short a loss in 8.55% , which is campier in 2008 is very high the ratio., ktml mills of Pakistan have earned the profit in 2008 and bear the loss in 2009 financial period. Gull ahmed textile mill Ratio 6.63% in 2005,and they will be increase year by year in minimum and the profit in 8.69% in 2009.the operating profit and net sale is h higher than the 2005 period year. Fazal and Shams textile mills are the 7.28% , 9.65% in 2005 the operating profit is decrees by the 5.99% , 0.2% is very low in the combination of year 2005 Net Profit Margin . Net Profit Margin= Net Profit X 100                   Net sale Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 16.41% 9.8% 7.05% 29.9% 5.31% Kohinoor Mill 1.89% 4.32% -0.56% -0.05% -5.2% Gul Ahmed Mill 1.29% -0.42% 1.67% 0.88% 0.58% Fazal Mill 2.48% 2.39% -0.9% 0.41% 0.89% Shams Mill 7.2% 2.66% 8.64% -1.75% -3.09% In 2005, Nishat textile mills of Pakistan reported 16.41 % and in 2009 operating profit margin became 5.31%.that ratio is to the bear loss in for the period of financial year. Return on equity Equity is the money invested by the shareholders for profit. This ratio indicates the firms ability to earn against the investment. It is also called return on average common equity, return on net worth, and return on ordinary shareholders funds. Return on Equity= Net Income after tax  X 100                       Net equity Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 14.58% 7.92% 5.58% 22.11% 6.55% Kohinoor Mill 2.33% 6.33% -0.66% -0.09% -15.33% Gul Ahmed Mill 3.4% -1.51% 6.62% 3.79% 2.73% Fazal Mill 0.06% 0.07% -0.03% 0.01% 0.03% Shams Mill 19.6% 7.69% 27.86% -6.99% -19.5% Nishat textile mills of Pakistan have only 14.58 % ROE in 2005 than will be decrees in 7.92% , 5.58% in 2006 and 2007 other 22.11% in 2008 the equity ratio is increase in 2008 and 6.55% decrees in 2009. Kohinoor mill is the equity of 2.33% in 2005 and increase in the share holders equity 6.33% in 2006 but next year is share holder equity is less than 1.00 funds of -.66% , -.09% , -15.33% ins decrees in 2007 to 2009. Company founds is very low in last year. Ktm mill is equity 2.33% in 2005 and increase in 6.33% 2006 but the ROE is less 1.00 of share holder equity -0.66% , -0.09% , -15.33% in decrees the share holder equity in 2007 to 2009. Gul ahmed textile mill ROE is 3.4% in 2005 and decrees in share holder equity -1.51% in 2006. And 6.62% increase the equity of 2007 but 3.79% , 2.73% decrees in 2008 to 2009. Fazal mill ROE is .06% , .07% in 2005 to 2006 but decrees in equity -0.03% in 2007. Fazal mill increase in 0.01% , 0.03% 2008 and 2009 the equity ratio is growth the share holder funds. Shams mill is the ROE 19.6% in 2005 but 2006 growth of ROE is decrees 7.69% and the next year in 2007 equity is more high increase in 27.86% for higher than the previous year. 2008 and 2009 ratio of equity is less than 1 percent in -6.99% -19.5% is profit of share holder equity. This tells us that net loss of the firms will lead them to a serious position and this position may not allow them to survive and ultimately there are more chances that many firms will be bankrupt Earning per share Earning per Share (EPS) is an indicator of the firm performance. It depends upon the profitability of the firms. It is calculated after closing the previous years books. It is the portion of the firms profit which is allocated to each outstanding share of investors. In other words, it is a valid and reliable tool to measure the profitability of the companies. It is calculated as: EPS= Net income-dividends on preferred stocks X 100      Average outstanding shares Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 12.86% 10.22% 7.58% 36.86% 6.81% Kohinoor Mill 0.92% 2.82% -0.32% -0.02% -3.02% Gul Ahmed Mill 1.53% -0.68% 3.11% 1.86% 1.45% Fazal Mill 6.61% 7.86% -3.31% 1.62% 4.09% Shams Mill 8.12% 4.76% 21.83% -4.69% -9.65% EPS is considered as the single most significant variable in determining a shares price in stock exchange. This variable also tells price-to-earnings valuation ratio. The table tells about the EPS situation of Nishat textile mill of Pakistan. It is obvious that in 2005, the mean value of EPS is 12.86%, whereas, it has decline to 10.22% in 2006, almost they will be less than the previous year 2006 and 2007 value of EPS is more decrease in 2007 of 7.58% than the other hand 2008 is value of share is increase four times greater than previous years 36.86%. is much higher in 2007the ratio of EPS. And will be profit on the share holder in 2008. EPS 6.81% in 2009 they will be decrease by the previous year. The share holder profit is minim. Kohinoor textile the price in stock exchange 0.92% in 2005 and greater than the 2.82% in 2006. Other wise the company share price is decrease in-0.32 in 2007 and company reputation was very poor. EPS was -0.02, -3.02 reduce by the 2008 and 2009. The compan y profit is under the previous year. Gul ahmed mill in Pakistan earring per share in 2005 was 1.53% and -.68% in 2006 was the share price is under the 2005but 2007 the company was work done properly in 3.11% to increase earring price. 2008 and 2009 EPS is decrease in 1.86%, 1.45% which compare to 2007. Fazal textile mill is reliable profit in 6.61% for the period of 2005. The company was most significant variable in determining a share price stock exchange. The price is earning in 7.86% 2006. The firm profit which allocate by share price. The company performance is better then the previous year. 2007 company performs not the work and they will be a decrease in share price -3.31% in 2007.share price will be increase in 1.62% 4.09% of 2008 and 2009 the performance of the company is better period of 2009. Shams mill Pakistan It is the portion of the firms profit which is allocated to each outstanding share of investors. Other words, it is a valid and reliable tool to measure the profitability of the companies. The company share price in 8.12% in 2005 and the company perform the work and profit allocate the outstanding of share of investor in 21.83% measure the profitability in 2007 but in 2008 the Fazal mill is decrease the share price -4.69% -9.65%in 2008 and 2009. Company are taken the loss in the year. They will not achieve the target of measure the profit but did the company to run the loss. Debit ratio Debt ratio is one the fundamental ratios used to determine the financial health of the firms. It tells that what is the level of total liabilities and assets of the firms. Debit ratio= Total liabilities X 100        Total assets Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 48.83% 3.33% 31.45% 52.03% 63% Kohinoor Mill 132.05% 140.89% 119.23% 171.08% 312.05% Gul Ahmed Mill 0.93% 1.06% 0.85% 1.07% 0.98% Fazal Mill 1.38% 1.51% 1.57% 2.23% 1.56% Shams Mill 0.4% 1.04% 1.92% 2.39% 3.1% Nishat textile mill of Pakistan have 48.83% debt ratio in 2005 and 3.33% in 2006 respectively .it means that the liabilities are more than the asset. Debt ratio 31.45% in 2007 that the company is the asst is more than the liabilities. The ratio is 52.03%, 63.00% and the debt ratio is increase by the 2008 and 2009 the financial of firm health in total asst and total liabilities. Kohinoor textile mill 132.05% debt ratio in 2005 and 2006 is the debt ratio 140.89% will be increase the liability. 2007 debt ratio is decrease in 119.23% and the asset are increase and the liabilities are decrease but in 2008 the company performance is better ratio is 171.08%. And is higher the profit of Kohinoor mill company financial wealth in the level of asset and liabilities are increase by the 312.05% in 2009 and company performance is well better in 2009. Gul ahmed textile mill have 0.93% debt ratio in 2005 and 2006 which is 1.06% respectively it means that liabilities are under the asset and the asset increase in 2006but in 2007 to 2009 is in the ratio of 0.85% , 0.98% which was the liabilities are increase in the ratio. Fazal textile mill 1.38%, 1.51%, 1.57% and 2.23% in 2005 to 2008 and liabilities are decrease year by year, otherwise 2008 are asset and liabilities are increase mill wealth is strong but in 2009 ratio is 1.56% which compares by 2008 ratio is decrease in 2009. Shams mill have 0.4% debt ratio in 2005 and ratio raise by 3.1% in 2009. Mill perform the work is so good ratio has declined which means that whit the passage of time the difference between liabilities and asset is increasing. Total asset turnover Total Asset Turnover (TAT) is a ratio that deals with net sales and total assets. This ratio measures how well a firm is using its assets to generate revenue. Total asset turnover (TAT) = Net sales                                          Average total assets Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 48.83 3.33 31.45 52.03 63 Kohinoor Mill 132.05 140.89 119.23 171.08 312.05 Gul Ahmed Mill 0.93 1.06 0.85 1.07 0.98 Fazal Mill 1.38 1.51 1.57 2.23 1.56 Shams Mill 0.4 1.04 1.92 2.39 3.1 Nishat textile mill Table shows that in total asset turnover, asst turnover mean the values 48.83 in2005 and 2006 is 3.33.both figures tells about the industries generate revenue is not equal to the total asset. In 2007 to 2009 total asset turnover value of 31.45, 63.00 is generate the revenue means to equal the total asset. Kohinoor textile mill 132.05 total asset turnover values in 2005 and 140.89 asset turnover value increase in 2006 but 2007 value of the asset turnover will be decrease. 2008 in the asset value of 171.08 which is greater than the previous. In 2009 the total asset turnover is increase 312.05 in the year. The firm using and generate the revenue of net sale. Gul ahmed textile mill total asset turnover 0.93 in 2005 and generate revenue of net sale divided by average of total asset but 2006 asset turnover is increase in1.06 that year. 2007 to 2009 textile mill was generating the revenue in total asset 0.85, 0.98 is increasing which compeer to2007. Fazal textile mill is total asset of turnover value 1.38, 1.51, 1.57 in three year value increase by normally of mills asset in 2005 to 2007. But 2008 was generating the revenue of total asset turnover 2.23 which is greater than the previous year. And 2009 ratio 1.56 is under 2008. Shams textile mill 0.4 in 2005 total asset turnover Total Asset Turnover (TAT) is a ratio is increase by the properly in four year 1.04, 1.92 , 2.39 ,3.1 the asset generate that deals with net sales and total assets for 2006 to 2009. This ratio measures how well a firm is using its assets to generate revenue in the 2009 Fixed asset turnover Textile mills have to invest in fixed assets to generate revenue. It may be in shape of land, machinery etc. Ratio of fixed and capital assets depends upon the type of industry. Fixed Asset Turnover (FAT) =   Net sales      X 100                                   Average fixed assets Textile mills Years 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nishat Mill 0.88% 0.77% 0.73% 0.68% 0.87% Kohinoor Mill 0.83% 0.17% 0.82% 0.85% 1.17% Gul Ahmed Mill 1.46% 1.85% 2.08% 2%% 2.28% Fazal Mill 1.52% 1.61% 1.29% 1.06% Shams Mill 1.91% 1.83% 2% 2.25% 2.84% Nish at textile mill in Pakistan demand for more fixed asset. Table show that in 2005 this ratio is 0.88%, whereas, in 2006 it was 0.77%. It show that the textile mill as a whole generates less revenue by using fixed asset in 2006 as compared to previous year. Is that ratio in 2007 to 2009 was 0.73%, 0.68%, 0.87%. nishat textile mill as a whole generates less revenue by using fixed asset in 2007 to 2009 which compared to previous year. The mill was earned the growth in the 2009 and they will establish better work in 2009. Kohinoor textile mill for fixed asset in 2005 and ratio is 0.83%. They will be a revenue decrease in 0.17% in 2006. Ktm is fixed asset turnover is higher in the previous year. The ratio increase in 2007 to 2009 fixed asset ratio is 0.82%, 1.17% in the generate revenue in earned by the year 2009. Gul ahmed textile mill demand for more fixed asset table that show in 2005 ratio is 1.46% whereas, in 2009 it was 2.28% ratio was show in the table. That ratio is increase in yearly basis and the fixed asset turns over would be higher in previous year. Fazal mill was the fixed asset ratio in 2006 is 1.52% and 2007 was 1.61% they will be increases the asset but in 2008 the ratio will decrease 1.29% and more decrease in 2009 in ratio 1.06%. Total asset turnover was in decline the asset for fazal mill. Shams textile mill demand for more fixed asset table that show in 2005 ratio is 1.19% whereas, in 2009 it was 2.84% ratio was show in the table. That ratio is increase in yearly basis and the fixed asset turns over would be higher in previous year.
Friday, May 15, 2020
Neutral Solution Definition - Chemistry Glossary
Neutral Solution Definition: An aqueous solution pH -7 Return to the Chemistry Glossary Index
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Audience About A Culture Or Sub Culture - 999 Words
General Purpose: To inform the audience about a culture or sub-culture Specific Purpose: To give audience an insight to the lives of the Ancient Greeks and to teach them about Ancient Greece as a culture (Kendall) Introduction (Reagan) Attention Gainer: Here is a quote from a Greek philosopher, Heraclitus, â€Å"day by day, what you chose, what you think and what you do is who you become†. This quote represents the evolution of Greece from the beginning of Ancient Greek time. Every day, the culture evolved in some way whether it is in architecture, philosophy or any other attribute of culture. Reason to Listen: Not only is it interesting, but is important for us all to understand the historical culture of Ancient Greece and respect the significance the Greeks find behind their culture. Speaker Credibility: Kendall and I have both spent hours researching this subculture in order to provide the most accurate information to give to you all today. Thesis Statement: We are here to inform you about the sub-culture of Ancient Greece and go into depth about philosophy, art and architecture, and religion and mythology. Preview Main Points: Hopefully we will be able to teach you all about the symbolism and history of Greek art and mythology, as well as give you an insight look as to what philosophy was like in Ancient Greece. Body Main Point # 1 (Kendall) The Ancient Greeks founded the concept of philosophy. (Sub-Point # 1) The literal definition of philosophy is the love of wisdom. TheShow MoreRelatedHmong Culture And Who We Are1080 Words  | 5 PagesPurpose: I will Educate the audience about the Hmong Culture and Who we are. Thesis Statement: One of the least known cultures in this world is the Hmong culture and myself as a Hmong person the history and the culture has shaped to what we as Hmong people are today. INTRODUCTION I. 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Corrupt Nature of the Founding Fathers - 1588 Words
It was John Adams who noted that men in general, in every society, who are wholly destitute of property, are also little too acquainted with public affairs for a right judgment, and too dependent upon other men to have a will of their own.1 This shared attitude guided the Founding Fathers in their establishment of what has become Americas modern day political system. When todays modern day student is asked just what sort of system that was, it seems the answer is always democracy. In reality, the House of Representatives is the nearest idea in accordance with a system of democracy that this country would ever reach.2 Washington, Adams, and Jefferson were the wealth and success of their time, and coincidentally, it was these same†¦show more content†¦Though he was to become wealthy lawyer on his own merit, Adams married Abigail Smith, a woman above his social class.20 Adams merely followed the path of his father who was a farmer but married up in his union with Susanna B oylston.21 Alexander Hamilton also achieved greater power through his marriage to a member of the aristocratic Schuyler family.22 It can be said that Hamilton and Adams accomplished what they feared the lower class could do: infiltrating the upper classs inner workings, and while doing so, advancing themselves to greater power. 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Advantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing in Business
Question: Write about theAdvantages and Disadvantages of Cloud Computing in Business. Answer: Introduction Information technology has emerged as a major ingredient of business and economic activities, analogous to air and water which are essential to biological life. The information technology has become so much pervasive and essential to our lives that we sometimes fail to recognize how much we are dependent on it now. The information, data, and knowledge resources are apparently free or incur least cost in the virtual world. The basic elements of conventional information technology such as hardware, software, network, etc. that used to be concerns of business owners are no more the focus. Now, concept and idea driven approaches to the use of Information technology are in the forefront, and the facilities of cloud, fabric, and outsourced online IT services are the centers of business solutions (Stikeleather Fingar, 2012). Because of its ease of use, and the motive to outwit the competition, the cloud computing service has gained popularity. Many business applications are available in the cloud space and innumerable companies are making use of it. The user company need not develop or maintain a cloud, which is often developed by a cloud service provider, who has invested in the cloud infrastructure. For example, Amazons cloud infrastructure is used by many business organizations (Ha, 2009). Although the cloud computing is useful in increasing the competitive advantage of a company, the cloud service is available to those users who has access to internet on real time basis (Miller, 2009). Cloud computing is useful in conditions which matches the specific needs and resources of a company. The cloud computing has various advantages and disadvantages which needs to be ascertained in order to reap its benefits to the fullest possible extent. Scope of this Project It is indubitable that cloud computing can offer huge benefits to the businesses. Cloud computing is an on-demand service that is set up in a remote location and can be accessed through internet. An integrated service in the cloud is due to the unique configurations of IT resources in the virtual world or in the distributive computing network. The architecture of cloud computing is often uses highly abstract resources, has flexibility and scalability in deployment of the services, uses shared resources such as memory capacity, processing speed, database , etc. (Yang, Huang, Li, Liu, Hu, 2017). There are several alternative models available to the business organizations who intend to use cloud such as pay as you go, software as service, platform for developing new applications, etc. There are many advantages to enterprises by using the cloud systems, and there are disadvantages too. This research is intended to identify the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing, so that the community that is associated with cloud can base their decisions for implementation and policy making. Literature Review Objectives One of the reason the cloud computing has proliferated fast is that business community perceives it as better than other computing systems. Wang Laszewski (2008) has identified one of the reasons behind the preference for cloud computing as the cloud interfaces do not put demand on the business organizations to change their working habits or systems. On the other hand, the grid computing, an alternate to cloud computing requires the users to learn the required commands before using the service. Possibility of virtualization, the application development and use of computing is simpler in the cloud (Weinhardt, Anandasivam, Blau, Ster, 2009). Cloud computing offers different types of services in different models. The three frequent models are SaaS, HaaS, and IaaS. The first one is software-as-a-service (SaaS), which allows the users to pay as they use the software, the second model hardware-as-a-service (HaaS) permits the businesses to buy processing speed over the web. And the last model is infrastructure-as a-service (IaaS), which allows the cloud users to pay for a specific technology that is suitable for the need of the business. All models of cloud services have firewall and anti-virus features attached to the services (Haag Cumming, 2010). The objective of the literature review is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing and to spot the research gaps that can be addressed in this research. Comparative Analysis Some of the major advantages of Cloud computing in business are gathered from the researches. Cost Efficiency Viswanathan (2017) explains that Cloud computing is a cost-efficient approach to use, maintain and upgrade Information technology for business applications with respect to conventional desk top software systems. One of the major costs in maintaining software system is the license fees for multiple users; the cloud offers drastically reduces the license costs and other IT expenses such as annual maintenance fees, up gradation fees, etc. Control of costs is partially in the hands of the business owners, because they have various options of paying such onetime payment, pay as you go, etc. The starting fee for cloud services is reasonable and affordable to smaller firms which intend to use sharper computer applications (Evangelinos, Hill, 2008). Unlimited Storage A cloud service generally provides large storage capacity to its users, which can be reckoned as unlimited. Till now, no data processing job was hindered due to lack of storage capacity. Also, it is easier to upload and transfer huge sets of data accumulated in the day-to-day operations (OGRAPH, Morgens, 2008). For example, Amazon Web Services is renting out storage space in units of gigabytes for a monthly price, which turns out to be cheaper, and the processing service is also offered at CPU hour basis. Both these services can be increased or decreased as per the need of the business, offering flexibility to the mangers. Software Integration and Backup services Cloud allows the business organizations to quickly adopt the processing service without changing any of their system. The need for customization and integration of application to the systems in the organization is absent, and the business organizations can login to the cloud service and feed business data for processing (Kampas, Tarkowski, Portell, Bhatti, 2016). Similarly, backing up and recovery of the data in the cloud is easier and less costly than storing in the house devices. Most clouds have robust recovery systems, which enables the users to have hassle free data restorations. Easy Access and Quick Deployment The registered users to a cloud service can access hardware resources without upfront investments and their information from anywhere. This facility of cloud processing makes the business organizations to expand their business to other places without worrying on how to control the operation. Another advantage of cloud service is the quick utilization of the cloud services (Kumar, Gupta, Charu, Jain, Jangir, 2014). As soon as the dash board for a business is set, it can utilize the services in the cloud within minutes. However, setting up dashboard depends on the needs of the business and the complexity of the technology used in the cloud. Strategic Edge A company that has its products and services focused on the customer needs can benefit from the cloud computing immensely. By adopting cloud approach to data processing, a company can avoid the costly process of acquiring hardware systems, developing customized software systems, installation of the structure, testing it and training the personnel to use the system, etc. (Avram, 2014). Critical IT applications of the business can be deployed quickly without upfront investment. The cost saving combined with focus on customer needs can enhance the competitive advantage of a company and move ahead of competitors. The cycle time required to enter a new market and introduce a new product can be reduced by shifting to cloud computing. Although there are many benefits to cloud computing, there are challenges in using it. Some of the disadvantages of Cloud computing are provided below. Security and Privacy There are many uncertainties surrounding the use of cloud computing, because it is an emerging model of computing. When fossil fuel was invented, nobody thought that it would contribute to the global warming in a significant quantum. Similarly, how the cloud computing will affect the business in the years to come is unknown. Security of the cloud systems, which includes, hardware, networks, application software, data storage, etc. cannot be ascertained. Privacy of the individuals and organizations are exposed to a critical level, and whether the computing services have the ability to protect the data and privacy is not yet confirmed (Voorsluys, Broberg, Buyya, 2011). Many frauds regarding credit card usage, sting operations on wealthy individuals, etc. are occurring due to the inability of the system to protect the personal data. Technical Issues Even though the information in the cloud can be accessed from anywhere, by the authorized users, there are instances of system malfunctions. A failure to access the right information from the cloud may sometimes endanger an organization. Enterprises that depend on the real time and mission critical information, cannot afford to system breakdown during the business hours. Cloud computing is not completely safe from technical outages and issues, which is persuading the critical solution providers to move away from cloud computing. Another technical issue is the availability of data speed, which determines the potential of cloud computing i.e. the higher the speed of data flow, the higher will be the reliability of eservice. It is the responsibility of the cloud service provider as well as the business owners to avail high speed networks and also to promote open access in cloud computing. Reliability and Firewall Protection Storing critical information in the cloud will expose the organizations to threats of hacking and storage loss. The sensitive data protections protocols will eat away all the cost benefits achieved through the cloud system (Almorsy, Grundy, Mller, 2016). Establishing robust cloud with firewall protection and easy integration is difficult to achieve. Reliability of internet connection is another threat to the cloud system. Business applications demand service 24/7 and disruption in data availability can damage the competitive advantage of a business in less time. Though, there are data recovery tools, the downtime due to system failure affects the users in multiple ways, hence the cloud service operators must establish a track record of reliability before giving access to the services. Research Theme (Hypothesis and Question) The use of cloud computing is increasing and the advantages associated with it is undisputable. There are safety issues which need to be overcome by use of innovative approaches to the computing infrastructure. One of the ways is to store encrypted data which can be deciphered only through decoding software. An intermediary service of encrypting the data and decoding it must be introduced in the cloud computing. The data encryption and decoding of the customer data must be carried out by a separate service provider, and the encrypted data should be pushed to the cloud owner. While retrieving the data, the encrypted data should be decoded and presented in a meaningful form to the cloud user. With this arrangement, data security and privacy issues can be addressed to some extent. However, the proposed system must be tested to ascertain the system complexity, cost and benefits. The proposed research may search for the model of data encryption-decoding process and its suitability in the cloud computing. Information coding by third party can enable cloud computing and data storage to be autonomic and self-managing system for protecting privacy. Quality and Currency of Current Literature The literature review used in the current context are drawn from original scholarships and reports by the practitioners in the field of cloud computing. The information gathered are from the written documents such as journals and specialized articles. The research articles referred for this study include theoretical, empirical and analytical accounts by the researchers. Most in text references are drawn from recent studies and publications. The variables included in the review are relevant, contemporary and critical with respect to cloud computing. Validity and Reliability of Sources The current literature review adopts an exploratory approach and included most common drivers of cloud computing. The literature is drawn from reputed publishers and authors; most citations are from peer reviewed journals and has internal validity to the conclusions. Because of the use of scholarly evaluated reports, the information cited in the literature review can be assumed as reliable. Research Gap and Contribution In spite of the disadvantages of the cloud computing, the migration by the business organization to cloud system is ever increasing. In the present context, innovative tools to overcome the disadvantages of cloud computing has to be invented and tried in the real-world application. As a solution to the challenge of privacy protection, data encryption service is suggested. Further research and explorations are needed to adopt this process. Conclusion As illustrated throughout this report, cloud computing has many advantages and drawbacks. But it appears that it has more benefits than challenges. Second, the business community is fast adopting the cloud and it is futile to focus too much on the disadvantages. However, the next exploration must be towards decreasing the effects of disadvantages of cloud computing. A novel approach to overcome the challenge of security and privacy issues are suggested for the study i.e. data encryption by an agency before pushing the data into the cloud database. References Almorsy, M., Grundy, J., Mller, I. (2016). An analysis of the cloud computing security problem.arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.01107. Avram, M. G. (2014). Advantages and challenges of adopting cloud computing from an enterprise perspective.Procedia Technology,12, 529-534. Evangelinos, C., Hill, C. (2008). Cloud computing for parallel scientific HPC applications: Feasibility of running coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models on amazons ec2.ratio,2(2.40), 2-34. Ha, A. (2009). Who uses cloud computing? Startups do VCs don?t. Available from https://venturebeat.com/2009/06/25/who-uses-cloud-computing-startups-do-vcs-dont/, Accessed on 1st May 2017. Haag, S. Cummings, M. (2010).Management Information Systems for the Information Age (8thed.). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin Kampas, S. R., Tarkowski, A. R., Portell, C. M., Bhatti, N. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 9,235,442. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Kumar, R., Gupta, N., Charu, S., Jain, K., Jangir, S. K. (2014). Open source solution for cloud computing platform using OpenStack.International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing,3(5), 89-98. Miller, M. (2008).Cloud Computing: Web-Based Applications That Change the Way You Work and Collaborate Online, Indianapolis: Que Publishing, 2008. OGRAPH, B., Morgens, Y. R. (2008). Cloud computing.Communications of the ACM,51(7), 9-11. Stikeleather, J., Fingar, P. (2012).Business Innovation in the Cloud: Executing on Innovation with Cloud Computing. Meghan-Kiffer Press. Viswanathan, Priya (2017) Cloud Computing and Is it Really All That Beneficial?, Live Wire, Available at https://www.lifewire.com/cloud-computing-explained-2373125. Accessed on 1st May 2017. Wang, L., von Laszewski, G., Kunze, M., Tao, J. (2008).Cloud computing: A Perspective study.Proc. Grid Computing Environments (GCE) workshop. Weinhardt, C., Anandasivam, A., Blau, B., Stoesser, J. (2009).Business Models in the Service World.IEEE Computer Society 11(2), 28-33. Voorsluys, W., Broberg, J., Buyya, R. (2011). Introduction to cloud computing.Cloud computing: Principles and paradigms, 1-41. Yang, C., Huang, Q., Li, Z., Liu, K., Hu, F. (2017). Big Data and cloud computing: innovation opportunities and challenges.International Journal of Digital Earth,10(1), 13-53.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Systemics - Cybernetics and Informatics Orlando
Question: Discuss about the Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics Orlando. Answer: Introduction Cyber threats are becoming one of the most effective threats in the developing era of technological advancements (Bonaci et al. 2015). Cyber security threats are making the technical industry weak with respect to various flaws invalid within the technical advancements. In addition to this, these cyber crimes are leaving their impacts on every country all over the world. This report is elaborating about the impacts of cyber security threats on banking industry of Middle East countries. There are six cases that are being presented within this report. The cyber attacks are targeting the e-mails used or transferred within work places for managing their work schedules as well as other important perspectives. The banks of UAE also utilize the emails for their daily purposes and functionalities that are tracked by the cyber criminals and they are imposing virus and malware within these e-mails that makes those concerned e-mails injected (Paye 2017). Whenever these e-mails are being opened the criminals can easily track the activities of the user from their personal computer. Henceforth, all of the information from banks personal computer is revealed to these cyber criminals for their criminal activities and they can easily hack their system architecture. As an example of this breach the Qatar National Bank (QNB) is the largest bank in the Middle East which faced 1.4 GB of customer data hack by these e-mails used by the technical heads of the financial institution. This is another case of cyber security threats that impacts on the security system architecture of financial institutions. The hacker uses popup windows that contains interesting adds and reveal interesting facts about various programs that attracts the users and they click on the highlighted button (Paye 2017). These popup contains macro codes that allow the hackers to have view on the protected contents of the personal computer and all the financial information get revealed to the hackers. As an example of this type of attack is given as follows: United Arab Emirates (UAE)-based Investbank UAE, faced same attack in the year of 2015 that revealed their hidden information to the hackers and this information got hacked with respect to the protected view of their personal computer. This is another cyber threat that the banks of Middle East is facing due to the lack of security measures getting involved within the banking sector for managing data security within banks. In addition to this, the financial sector is facing issues due to hacking activities are getting popular among different hackers and they are using various tools and functional element for managing the protected view of user data among several personal computers (Tradearabia.com 2017). This particular hacking issue is dominating the UAEs banking sectors with respect to their functional measures. As an example of this cyber threat, the Saudi Stock Exchange has faced different activism issues in the year of 2014 and these are considered as the marks for cyber attacks that are dominating the banking sectors of UAE (Tradearabia.com 2017). Phishing and ATM hacks Phishing and ATM skimming are another disadvantageous technical advancement that is putting the financial sector at danger. The economic prosperity and light speed growth in mobile banking industry has introduced these cyber threats to the industry with respect to vulnerable and innovative demands of the users and customers. Additionally, as a result of these growth phishing, and ATM skimming has introduced within the financial sector of UAE (Tradearabia.com 2017). According to different researches found on cyber security in banks has revealed that there are various attacks found within the Gulf countries that tried to steal money from the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) with the help of coding mechanism that make these machines directed accordingly with the directions of hackers and all money can be absorbed by these hackers from different ends of the world (Tradearabia.com 2017). This risk is another important cyber threat on the list of UAE that has impacted on the banking industry of the Middle East countries. Banking sector always incorporates the functionalities of third party holders within it (Tradearabia.com 2017). Therefore, the third party access institutional data and information causes the increased chances of cyber security perspectives for data threat involved within banking sectors (Tradearabia.com 2017). The GCC countries have faced various data threats due to these vulnerable threats being incorporated within UAE countries. These third parties are accessing the data from the personal computers of institutional members and they can easily hack all the information collected from those data. This aspect makes the system architecture of the banking sector weak inefficient with respect to these hacking activities involved within this sector. Rise in Alternative payment system Rise of various different payment system approaches, the banking sector is facing issues due to lack of security measures incorporated within the system architecture of banking sectors. The banks are not capable managing the threats coming from different payment systems all over the world (Tradearabia.com 2017). Additionally the UAE is experiencing the same phenomenon that other banking sectors are facing for utilization of other payment gateways by their customers (Tradearabia.com 2017). This aspect introduces various malwares and security risks involved within the system architecture of the banks those impacts on their security infrastructure of them. Conclusion This can be concluded that the cyber security threats are very impactful in case of development of different countries. Though technological advancement is making their growth faster, these cyber attacks are making their development perspective weak. This report is elaborating about the six different cyber security threats the Middle East countries are facing now a days. These elaborations are helpful in solving various significant threats involved within the banking sector of UAE with respect to various functional disruption involved within the financial institution of UAE with respect to their measures taken for preventing cyber security threats involved within their banking sectors. ter ment is makign ctful in case of development of differnet res. ts. therefore References Bonaci, T., Herron, J., Yusuf, T., Yan, J., Kohno, T., and Chizeck, H. J., 2015. To make a robot secure: An experimental analysis of cyber security threats against teleoperated surgical robots.arXiv preprint arXiv:1504.04339. [online: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.04339.pdf] Choucri, N., Madnick, S., Koepke, P. (2016). Institutions for Cyber Security: International Responses and Data Sharing Initiatives. [online: https://web.mit.edu/smadnick/www/wp/2016-10.pdf] Glantz, C. S., Landine, G. P., Craig Jr, P. A., and Bass, R. B., 2014. 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